The history and some paintings of the Tretyakov Gallery
The Tretyakov Gallery is one of the largest collections of Russian art located in Moscow. The gallery was founded in 1856 by merchant Pavel Tretyakov, who collected works by Russian artists. Today, the gallery has more than 100,000 exhibits, including paintings, sculptures, icons and more.
Pavel Tretyakov started collecting art in the middle of 1850. The founding year of the Tretyakov Gallery is considered to be 1856, when Tretyakov purchased two paintings of Russian artists: "Temptation" by Nikolay Shilder and "Skirmish with Finnish Smugglers" by Vasily Khudyakov, although earlier, in 1854–1855, he had bought 11 drawings and nine pictures by Dutch Old Masters. In 1867 the Moscow City Gallery of Pavel and Sergei Tretyakov was opened. The gallery's collection consisted of 1,276 paintings, 471 sculptures and 10 drawings by Russian artists, as well as 84 paintings by foreign masters.

Next, famous paintings of this institution will be presented.
"Bogatyrs", V. M. Vasnetsov
Viktor Vasnetsov created the painting "Bogatyrs" for 27 years — so much time has passed from the first sketches to the last stroke. The canvas depicts bogatyrs. They are standing at the exit, vigilantly peering into the distance to see if enemy bonfires are visible, if the trampling of enemy horses is not heard.
Ilya Muromets is in the center of the painting. The hero is shown confident, he has an open face expressing nobility.

Dobrynya Nikitich is depicted as in the epics. He is majestic, with delicate, noble features that emphasize his culture, education, resolutely taking the sword out of the scabbard with readiness to rush into battle, defending his homeland.

Alyosha Popovich is young and slender compared to his comrades. He is depicted with a bow and arrows in his hands, but the harps attached to the saddle indicate that he is not only a fearless warrior, but also a guslar, a songwriter, and a merry man.

"Morning in the pine forest", I. I. Shishkin, K. A. Savitsky
One of the most famous and brilliant paintings by Ivan Shishkin is "Morning in the pine forest". The canvas depicts a barely awakened pine forest. In the foreground we see a pine tree uprooted, which cubs climb. They frolic, evoking positive emotions. The main focus of the painting is the combination of sunlight in the background and bears on a tree in the foreground. Presumably, the idea of the painting was suggested to Shishkin by Savitsky, who later acted as a co-author and depicted the figures of the cubs (according to Shishkin's sketches). These bears, with some differences in poses and numbers (at first there were two of them), appear in preparatory drawings and sketches (for example, seven variants of Shishkin's pencil sketches are kept in the State Russian Museum).
"The Rooks have arrived", A. K. Savrasov
Alexey Savrasov's famous painting "Rooks have Arrived" does not have bright colors or unusual shapes. The canvas depicts a corner of the Russian countryside. In the center is the dome of an ancient church, next to a rickety house. The main plot develops on curved trees. The black rooks have returned from warmer climes. They build nests on the branches, fly over the birches. Savrasov began his work on the painting in March 1871. The full-scale sketches for the future canvas were painted by the artist during his trip to Kostroma province, when he was in the village of Molvitino (now the village of Susanino, Kostroma region). After returning from Molvitin, Savrasov worked on the painting in Yaroslavl, and then finalized the composition in Moscow, where he returned in early May. In the summer of 1871, the canvas was purchased from Savrasov by Pavel Tretyakov.
"The Holy Trinity",
A. Rublev
The icon of the Holy Trinity, painted by Andrei Rublev in the first third of the XV century. The most famous of his works and one of the two surviving works, which, according to scientists, reliably belong to him. Until 1917, the icon was located in the Trinity Cathedral of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. The earliest surviving references to the "Trinity" are entries in the contribution books of the Trinity—Sergius Monastery in 1649 and 1673, according to which the icon was in the local row of the iconostasis of the Trinity Cathedral. According to the most common opinion of researchers, it was created simultaneously with this iconostasis. After the restoration carried out in 1918-1919, it was located in the Sergiev Posad Museum. In 1929, it entered the collection of the State Tretyakov Gallery.
"The girl with peaches", V. A. Serov
The painting depicts the dining room of the Mamontov house in the Abramtsevo estate. The portrait depicts the 11-year-old daughter of the owner of the estate, Vera. The girl is drawn sitting at a table; she is wearing a pink blouse with a dark blue bow; there is a knife, leaves and 4 peaches on the table. Vera posed for 22-year-old Serov every day for almost two months. Serov gave the painting to the girl’s mother, and it hung in the room for a long time. Now a copy hangs in Abramtsevo, and the original is exhibited in the Tretyakov Gallery. The artist managed to capture an extraordinary moment, which is touching, funny, but at the same time philosophically profound.

"Ivan Tsarevich on the Grey Wolf", V. M. Vasnetsov
The painting "Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf" reveals the essence by its very name. It was based on a Russian fairy tale, where the main character is Ivan Tsarevich. The fabulousness of the plot is emphasized by the clothes of the main characters. The tsarevich's gold-embroidered caftan perfectly harmonizes with Elena's blue silk robe. The Gray Wolf is not gray at all, its coat is golden brown in colour, as if it repeats the colour of the clothes of the tsarevich whom it serves. The whole picture is filled with a kind of mysterious shimmer, a miracle, a fairy tale itself. The canvas was painted in 1889, during the period of Vasnetsov's work in the Vladimir Cathedral in Kiev. In 1888, he left work for a while to paint the painting "Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf". After completion, it was presented at a traveling art exhibition.

“Ivan the Terrible and his son Ivan November 16, 1581”, I. E. Repin

The painting depicts an episode from the life of Ivan the Terrible, when in great anger he dealt a mortal blow to his son Tsarevich Ivan. There were two attempts on the painting in 1913 and 2018. The painting was recently restored and will soon be exhibited in the gallery. Repin recalled: “I wrote in gulps, suffered, worried, again and again corrected what had already been written, hid it with painful disappointment in my abilities, extracted it again and went on the attack again. I felt scared for minutes. I turned away from this picture, hid it. She made the same impression on my friends. But something drove me towards this picture, and I worked on it again.”

"Lace maker", V. A. Tropinin
Vasily Tropinin created the painting in 1823, which marked the beginning of the genre portrait. The canvas depicts a young needlewoman. There is a lace—making machine in front of the girl, bobbins in her hands, small scissors on the edge of the table. The soft light falls on the face of the worker, emphasizing her lovely features. With a slight smile, she looks kindly at the viewer, and her whole appearance, despite the simplicity of her outfit and hairstyle, is full of grace and nobility. The painting is dedicated to the image of a hardworking girl and her painstaking work. On it, the artist depicted an episode from the life of a young serf girl who is engaged in needlework. The expression of the girl's face indicates that such work is not at all a burden to her, but a pleasure.
Contacts
We want to make friends with our visitors, so we are happy to invite you to the gallery and answer all your questions.
Tretyakov Gallery: Moscow, 10 Lavrushinsky Lane
  • Phone:
  • +7 (495) 957 07 27
  • +7 (495) 957 07 00
Email: tretyakov@tretyakov.ru

We are located in the central part of the city.
The nearest subway is the Tretyakovskaya station.
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